Epidemiological Study Of The Clinical Forms Of Leprosy: A Historical And Current Panorama

Abstract

- Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by the intracellular bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. It presents four forms of clinical presentation. Brazil is the second country with the highest number of registered cases in the world in the year 2016 and the Midwest and North regions exhibited the highest detection rates. To characterize the clinical, sociodemographic and epidemiological forms of new cases of leprosy in the State of Goiás between 2017 and 2018. This is an epidemiological and ecological study with data from the SINAN (Information System for Notifiable Diseases) in the State of Goiás between 2017 and 2018. The following epidemiological markers of leprosy were used for the municipalities of the state: of leprosy incidence / 100,000 inhabitants, affected nerves, therapeutic regimen, form of detection, sex, clinical form and cutaneous lesions. There were 2801 new cases of leprosy in the State of Goiás during the analyzed period. Males were the most prevalent (61.94%). The age group between both sexes was between the fourth and fifth decade of life with 613 new cases. The dimorphic clinical form presented in 72.08% of the cases followed by the Virchowian form 22.31%. Regarding the amount of nerves and cutaneous lesions affected, most of the diagnosis was inconclusive. The most widely used therapeutic regimen is multibacillary. The study could guide the detection of areas of greater vulnerability to the disease in the state of Goiás and guide more effective interventions for early diagnosis and control in order to present an effective treatment and, consequently, a good prognosis.