Periapical cyst enuclation in mandible: case report

Abstract

The periapical cyst is the most common dental cyst of the gnatic bones, presenting as a pathological cavity lined with a stratified squamous epithelium, slow growing and asymptomatic, which may cause swelling and tooth mobility. It is radiographically presented as a radiolucent image, located near the apical region of a pulp-altered dental element. The aimed of this study is to report a case report of a patient with a periapical cyst in the posterior mandible, and to evaluate cystic enucleation as a treatment for this lesion. Female patient, melanoderma, 12 years old, who attended for endodontic treatment of the element 46. At the extraoral clinical examination the patient did not present alteration, in the intraoral examination presented carious lesion in the element mentioned before. After periapical radiography, a radiolucent image with abnormal characteristics was observed in the region of the element 46. The tomography revealed an image suggestive of periapical cyst due to the characteristics presented, being: area of extensive bone destruction, unilocular, well delimited with 16 mm X 13 mm of extending from the distal surface of tooth 45 to the distal root of tooth 46. It is concluded that the cystic enucleation technique is a good alternative of treatment for periapical cyst cases, due to minimal recurrence rates, thus completely removing the lesion.